As suggested by the name, it is located around the anus. It could result in bleeding if the engorged veins are treated roughly like scratched, broken by straining, wiping, or even rubbing too hard. External Hemorrhoids are mostly very painful.
Waiting a long time for using the restroom, sitting too long on the toilet seat, and even if you spend a lot of time sitting throughout the day.
When you apply too much pressure and pass a bowel movement.
Internal hemorrhoids are located inside the rectum and they are painful but not necessarily. Pain and itching happen when the hemorrhoid is prolapsed.
Sneezing and coughing could be the reasons as well.